Shared references

[From Rick Marken (2004.06.29.1420)]

Bill Williams (29 June 2004 3:10 PM CST) --

In the long-run I expect that issues concerning plausibility will get
sorted out by a larger audience. The process that appears underway in
regard to PCT seems to involve an aging and smaller audience.

In the long run the "plausibility" of PCT will get sorted out on the basis
of scientific tests, all of which currently show PCT to be the best model of
behavior around. I think the size of the PCT audience has been steady or
growing slightly. But I think PCT will really take off now that it finally
has some very aggressive, outspoken enemies, like you.

Thanks

Rick

···

--
Richard S. Marken
MindReadings.com
Home: 310 474 0313
Cell: 310 729 1400

[From Bruce Nevin (2004.06.29 23:09 EDT]

Richard Kennaway (2004.06.29.1848 BST)--

I was rather startled when Bruce Nevin posted a few days ago about
being able to perceive other people's states of mind more surely than
other things. We can perceive other people only through the same
physical senses we use to perceive everything else.

Certainly. But other things do not assist us in determining which of a
discrete set of possible perceptions they are controlling. The effect of
conventionalization is to partition the continua of observed behavior into
discrete possibilities.

Other people's minds are more inaccessible than other things, not
less. It takes a quite gross defect of the sense organs or the
nervous system for someone to be unable to form a perception of a
chair; in contrast, autistic people can have great difficulty forming
perceptions of other people's states of mind,

This is true of autistic people. It is also true of children under the age
of about 4 years. This tells us that there is some level or kind of
cognitive ability involved that not everyone has developed.

yet some are able to
function in society without anyone around them realising they are
anything more than a bit odd (which also speaks somewhat to those
other people's competence at the task).

This is true of people with Asberger's syndrome. Don't confuse them. There
is a gradation. A colleague of mine with Asberger's syndrome must infer
affect, rather than perceiving it more directly, and so has trouble with
empathy, but is able to perceive and control social conventions reasonably
well. Problems with empathy and affect interfere with control of social
relations in obvious ways as does whatever underlies the obsessive,
repetitive behavior (who would want to play with that weird kid). For
Asbergers, language development is fairly normal, however, and that is my
particular interest. Aspergers kids typically are assessed as being
unusually intelligent, and high verbal ability is part of this. There's a
kind of irony, then, in saying that my friend perceives and controls social
conventions "reasonably" well, since he has to use his intellectual acuity
to infer what others perceive directly.

He wrote:

If this is inference, then it is inference with a great deal of
support that is not present when, say, a physicist infers the
presence of a certain kind of particle.

But is it *better* support? One can make certain observations on
control systems -- e.g. the Test -- which do not apply to things
other than control systems, but they are not necessarily any more
reliable than any other sort of observation, such as measuring the
weight of a rock. I'd put more trust in the latter than in my guess
about what someone means when they say, for example, "Would you like
to see a movie with me?"

I am not talking about meanings. I am talking about the conventional
difference between e.g. see, be, pee, etc. and all the other limited sets
of choices at each point of contrast in that utterance. Regardless of what
they meant by the words, it is very clear what words they said.

Not all conventions are as clear or as mutually agreed as that. There may
be certain conventional expectations associated with seeing a movie with
someone in certain contexts, but it's not cut and dried, and a lot of the
negotiating in creating relationships is negotiating about reliable
expectations. Some folks then get bored with how predictable the other is
and want to move on. The person they're leaving, however, is not so
predictable to everyone in their community. I'd rather leave such
wishy-wobbly things out of the picture and focus on what is conventional
within a larger public.

And earlier:

That it [the perception of another's perceptions] is as remarkably
accurate as it is, especially in certain domains, pre-eminently in
the domain of language, is because we control to assist one another
in making it so.

I don't find it remarkably accurate at all. On the contrary, it is
often highly inaccurate. How often do you crash your car (bicycle,
legs, etc. as the case may be)? Almost never, I expect. How often
does a conversation crash? Look at any contentious forum (including
this one, on occasion). Look at the entire history of literature:
almost every plot is driven by ignorance and error in people's
perceptions of other people's minds.

These are issues of meaning again. In all of these cases, the conflict is
not about what words were said or written, it is about what was intended by
saying them. The words are social realities; the perceptions that people
try to control by means of words are their private perceptions.

Back to another earlier message from Bruce Nevin: (I'm cherry-picking
what I think is the relevant history of the conversation. The surge
of activity in the last few days, and my being offline most of the
weekend, mean I have by no means read everything.)

However,
when the observed organism is known (or assumed) to be constructed like the
observer, as a fellow human being is, then for the observer who has
identified a CV (eliminating every alternative that she can imagine), an
equivalence can be known: the observer knows that both the observer and the
observed person are controlling the "same perception".

This was part of an exercise in determining where the CV is located -- in
the environment, or in the brain of the observer who has identified it by
performing the test. No, wait, it's in the brain of the person that is
being observed. No, wait, it's in both their brains. But the CV in the
brain of the observer is not the same as the CV in the brain of the
observed person. Even though the point of the Test is to demonstrate that
the observer has identified the CV. At last account, the CV became a pretty
wispy theoretical flimsy kind of thing on which to build a model. It is the
same (and therefore reliably identified) only IF IF IF the observed person
is constructed as the observer is constructed. I refer you to Bill's post
on the subject.

I can only agree with your (and Bill's) doubt that we are all constructed
identically. By what I have been describing, we do not have to be, because
we construct conventional social realities alike. They provide a kind of
scaffolding by which we may arrange and negotiate coordination of our more
nebulous non-public perceptions with one another.

I loved the story about Tarzan and the monkeys' invective. A case in point.
There was no doubt what word he was reading. There was a difficulty with
the meaning that he inferred for that word from its context -- something
that monkeys poured down on Tarzan's head.

Whether that clears up my meaning for you or not, there can be no doubt
what words and sentences and paragraphs I have typed, can there.

         /Bruce Nevin

         /Bruce Nevin

···

At 07:21 PM 6/29/2004 +0100, Richard Kennaway wrote:

From{Bill Williams 12:50 AM CST]

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0629.1801)]

        >>Bill Williams 29 June 2004 4:30 PM CST
         
        >>Suppose the Tiger comes out into plain view. Marc points at the Tiger, >>but Rick because he cannot "perceive what another person perceives" >>can not see the Tiger.

I fear you may be misunderstanding the question Rick was addressing. Bruce Nevin >said;

        >>>I make no conclusion that his perceptions are organized as mine are. I >>>only construct a perception of his perception of a certain CV of mine.

I believe that Rick is questioning Bruce's ability to perceive another's perceptions, not >Bruce's ability to perceive, in whatever way he perceives it, the same object that >another is perceiving. An understandable misreading on your part.

So, in your perception (your beliving) you understand that what Rick meant (what Rick percieved that he had said) was that we can not percieve the perceptions that another person is experiencing.

Bill Willliams

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

From[Bill Williams 30 June 2004 1:15 AM PST]

[From Rick Marken (2004.06.29.1420)]

Bill Williams (29 June 2004 3:10 PM CST) --

In the long-run I expect that issues concerning plausibility will get
sorted out by a larger audience. The process that appears underway in
regard to PCT seems to involve an aging and smaller audience.

In the long run the "plausibility" of PCT will get sorted out on the basis
of scientific tests, all of which currently show PCT to be the best model of
behavior around.

You are assuming that the PCT sophistology is neccesary to support the modeling
of human behavior. There isn't any neccesary connection between the PCT
sophistology and the modeling. The connection that exists is an accidential
connection that has its origin in Bill Powers having developed control theory
models of behavior and a sophistology to exlain and justify those models. Can
control theory models of behavior human behavior be developed without the use of
a PCT sophistology? Sure. You are confusing the concept of a model and the
arguments of a sophistology.

I think the size of the PCT audience has been steady or growing slightly.

I think this may depend upon how the size of "audience" or the people doing the
active work of "inquiry" is measured. And, of a new, collaborative book,
explaining modeling is brought out, depending upon the book, this might be
reversed.

However, as I perceive the situation, there is a generational structure
involved. Visualize the age distribution of the CSG, CSGnet partisipants
either as an audience, or active either constructive or critical inquirers.
Is this a sustainable structure?

But I think PCT will really take off now that it finally
has some very aggressive, outspoken enemies, like you.

There isn't any question that control theory is "really taking off."
Nearly every issue of Science and Nature contain examples of the use of
control theory analysis in biology. Do these people need the PCT
sophistology to carry out their work? Evidently not. Where the PCT
sophistology comes into its own is not in support of an instrument of
inquiry in regard to behavior, but rather as an ideology regarding how
control theory should be understood and applied. Bill Powers describes
his effort to introduce PCT into psychology as "a mistake." I've wondered
what when wrong? Was it the circumstance, or the methods?

I don't actually see myself as an opposed to approaching human behavior
from the standpoint of control theory. I think there is some evidence
that I understand control theory and have developed some applications of
control theory in economics. I am, however, opposed to a pseudo-scientific
system of arguements such as the PCT scheme is an arbitrary mixture of
positivism, and an individualistic ideology.

I think the real enemy of both the application of control theory and the
PCT sophistology is a climate of opinion. It is a climate of opinion and
a culture that is hostile to the development of understandings and skills
required to genuinely appreciate the merits of a scientific approach to
human behavior. The result is a truely deadly enemy which is indifference.

Bill Williams

From[Bill Willliams 30 June 2004 2:25 AM CST]

[From Bruce Nevin (2004.06.29 23:09 EDT]

Richard Kennaway (2004.06.29.1848 BST)--

···

At 07:21 PM 6/29/2004 +0100, Richard Kennaway wrote:

Bruce,

Your post clarified for me part of what is involved in the
application of control theory in the context of linguistics.

However, it seems to me that a comprehension of your argument
might be enhanced if it were expressed in terms of some apt
slogans.

You are making use of some terms such as "individual" and
"public" in context in which there is massive equvocation.
For you a "public" is not the sum of "individuals." Neither,
it has to be said, is a "public" a magical super-organic
creature.

In economics I can see that starting with what is ordinarily
meant by an "individual" results in readily identifiable
problems-- such as explaining how a transaction is possible,
and what determins a transaction. The result in economics of
an individualist approach was a failure to develop an understanding of the
properties of a monetary system. This failure was particularly evident in
the incomprehension of causal factors that genrated the great depression.
The PCT sophistology and its individualism seems to have as one of its
implications the conclusion that Keynes' work-- which assumes a community --
is nonsense.

If I understand your argument so far, and I would welcome correction:

"Words are symbols that as a part of a public context have an intrumental
function when used in a language for purposes of communication."

Would it be possible for you to generate a concise lexicon of linguistic
terms and definitions-- as you would define them in terms that would be
friendly to using them in a control thoeory approach to language?

When I attempt to think about it, I begin to wonder. I come up with
questions such as, "If the purpose of language is to communicate, what
is it that language communicates?" I would think that what communication
communicates is meanigs. But, I have never been convinced that analytic
philosophy had a theory of valuation that explain what it is that
constitutes a meaning. I have a sense that the theory of valuation has
a connection to the concept of error in control theory, but this, as
far as I know, has never been considered in a sustained exposition on
the CSGnet.

A part of what I have in mind in this request would be something like, or
a more adaquate version, of my "Words are symbols ..." sentence that
would build upon and illustrate where the implications of your position
differs from and is more suitable as a basis for an understanding of
language than Powers' position.

I think I understand the problems involved in defining language in terms
of the average of the sounds made by individuals.

I think I understand why "agreement" and notions about a public, or a
community are neccesary conceptions for a theory of language.

However, when I read Z. Harris I sometimes have the sense that what he
meant might be more easily understood if some of his conceptions were
stated more explicitly. I have the sense that you think that a
reconstruction of Harris' ideas in control theory terms is a possiblity.

Or, am I asking too much for you to carry out over the 4th weekend?

Bill Williams

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0613)]

Bill Williams 12:50 AM CST

So, in your perception (your beliving) you understand that what Rick meant (what Rick percieved that he had said) was that we can not percieve the perceptions that another person is experiencing.

Perhaps you are confused about the nature of perception in PCT. I wouldn't be at all surprised in view of the many ways we use the term. Rick said something. I perceived what he said. And I repeated what I thought I had perceived him saying. Nowhere in the process did I perceive what Rick perceived. Nor, as far as I know, did Rick perceive what he meant. Although I suspect that he perceived what he said. Any clearer?

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0638)]

[From Bruce Nevin (2004.06.29 23:09 EDT]

This was part of an exercise in determining where the CV is located -- in
the environment, or in the brain of the observer who has identified it by
performing the test. No, wait, it's in the brain of the person that is
being observed. No, wait, it's in both their brains. But the CV in the
brain of the observer is not the same as the CV in the brain of the
observed person. Even though the point of the Test is to demonstrate that
the observer has identified the CV. At last account, the CV became a pretty
wispy theoretical flimsy kind of thing on which to build a model. It is the
same (and therefore reliably identified) only IF IF IF the observed person
is constructed as the observer is constructed. I refer you to Bill's post
on the subject.

Funny, I thought Bill's post was perfectly clear. The CV is the conjecture made by the observer as to what environmental variable the subject is controlling. It is never "reliably identified" is you mean by this "beyond all doubt or dispute". In the case of your friend with Asperger's I thought I heard you say that we is not constructed the way you are constructed. I assume you were able to infer this from your own perceptions and not from his.

I can only agree with your (and Bill's) doubt that we are all constructed
identically. By what I have been describing, we do not have to be, because
we construct conventional social realities alike.

This seems to be what is in dispute. Do we construct social realities any more alike than we construct nonsocial realities? The only difference, as far as I can tell, is that social environments contain other controlling agents. If we fail to take this into account, own own controlling will be less effective.

Whether that clears up my meaning for you or not, there can be no doubt
what words and sentences and paragraphs I have typed, can there.

Well, yes. But there is less doubt about the words I perceive in this message.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0653)]

Bill Willliams 30 June 2004 2:25 AM CST

Bruce,

You are making use of some terms such as "individual" and
"public" in context in which there is massive equvocation.
For you a "public" is not the sum of "individuals." Neither,
it has to be said, is a "public" a magical super-organic
creature.

Fair enough. What then is a "public"? It seems to me that a "market" can be modeled by a set of interacting individual agents. Does an economist disagree? If so, exactly how?

In economics I can see that starting with what is ordinarily
meant by an "individual" results in readily identifiable
problems-- such as explaining how a transaction is possible,
and what determins a transaction.

Really? How strange. Of course the model must include, in addition to individual agents, objects that they can exchange and services that they can perform.

The result in economics of
an individualist approach was a failure to develop an understanding of the
properties of a monetary system. This failure was particularly evident in
the incomprehension of causal factors that genrated the great depression.
The PCT sophistology and its individualism seems to have as one of its
implications the conclusion that Keynes' work-- which assumes a community --
is nonsense.

You haven't convinced me. I assume that markets are described by interacting agents and I do not think that Keynes's work is nonsense. Perhaps I am the exception that tests the rule.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

[From Bruce Gregory 92004.0630.0704)]

Dick Robertson,2004.05.29.1530CDT

Good question. Something that we shrinks believe we need to work with all the time. "Construct" needs a careful definition the way I would use it, if I would at all. We need to use inference and imagination to 'intuit/infer" what CV the other person is controlling, and also make inferences about how well,he/she is controlling it (them), and futher try to infer the degree of pain or pleasure the other person is trying to tell us about . In this process we put a lot of stock on that not-well-definable concept "empathy" to infer that "that way I'm feeling while I'm hearing/observing you talk about this probably gives me a powerful hint about how you are feeling as you do so."

Yes, I agree.

We recognize that we can never "see" into the other person's mind, but when we reflect the feeling+concept that we infer and he/she breathes out audibly and says, "Yeah, that's it," then we assume that we are sharing the "experience" as much as any two humans can.

I don't know that I would call this sharing an experience. But I agree with what you are saying.

Note that I didn't say sharing the CV. When that is the case I think the easiest cases are objectively observable. That is, when two of us are moving a burden from here to there that would be too heavy for one alone, then it seems to me safe to infer that each party is controlling a very analagous variable.

I think it is safer to say that each party is controlling closely coupled variables. The world looks slightly different from different ends of the couch.

Whether it is logical or illogical to say we are sharing the _same_CV I think resolves into a matter of sematics, calling for coming to agreement (if possible) on the definition of "same."

We are each controlling our own perceptions of what we take to be a common task. If you try to bring your end of the couch into one room and I try to bring my end into another room, we will quickly discover that we have a problem.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

[From Richard Kennaway (2004.06.30.1307 BST)]

[From Bruce Nevin (2004.06.29 23:09 EDT]
I loved the story about Tarzan and the monkeys' invective. A case in point.
There was no doubt what word he was reading. There was a difficulty with
the meaning that he inferred for that word from its context -- something
that monkeys poured down on Tarzan's head.

Except that they weren't pouring it on Tarzan's head, but the lion's,
as you can confirm by rereading that story. How did you make that
mistake? You also misspelled Asperger's name. Mistakes like this
about the actual words happen all the time.

Whether that clears up my meaning for you or not, there can be no doubt
what words and sentences and paragraphs I have typed, can there.

In this digital medium, it is very easy to agree on what words were
written: there is about as much room for doubt as there is about the
existence of the non-linguistic physical objects I see around me,
which is for most practical purposes none. But at even a slight
remove of time, as when you referred to Tarzan and Asberger, errors
can creep in. In a noisy disco, it can be near impossible to agree

···

on what words are being said.

You wanted to leave out the "wishy-wobbly" social agreements that you
agree there can be substantial uncertainty about, but the examples
you suggest fare little better. Some social agreements are more
reliable than others, but they still at their most reliable barely
manage to equal the reliability of everyday experience of inanimate
objects. In fact, the examples above suggest they they are more
reliable, the less they depend on anything inside multiple people's
heads, and the more they are like inanimate objects. A computer can
count all the occurrences of, say, "individual", in a piece of text,
without it having participated in any social experiences at all.

In another message in this thread Bill Williams compared the
perception of the reasons for the constancy of a pendulum's period
with the perception of someone's reasons for driving to McDonalds.
This only serves to show that there are difficult and easy
perceptions in both categories. Picking a single example from each,
chosen to make a point, fails to make that point.

-- Richard Kennaway

[From Bill Powers (2004.06.30.0617 MDT)]

Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0613)

Perhaps you are confused about the nature of perception in PCT. I wouldn't
be at all surprised in view of the many ways we use the term. Rick said
something. I perceived what he said. And I repeated what I thought I had
perceived him saying. Nowhere in the process did I perceive what Rick
perceived. Nor, as far as I know, did Rick perceive what he meant.
Although I suspect that he perceived what he said. Any clearer?

Here's an exercise with which to explore the above.

Imagine any plane geometric figure. Imagine an object placed inside this
figure.

Now construct and write a sentence, as best you can, which will convey to
me, as exactly as you can, what you imagined.

Best,

Bill P.

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0834)]

Bill Powers (2004.06.30.0617 MDT)

Imagine any plane geometric figure. Imagine an object placed inside this
figure.

Now construct and write a sentence, as best you can, which will convey to
me, as exactly as you can, what you imagined.

I imagined a triangle, and inside the triangle I imagined the head of a lion. i had no trouble realizing I was imagining these and not perceiving them (hallucinating).

I think the following may explain my inability to perceive at higher level. I can perceive lines of 'text". I recognize this as a computer program, because it shares features with other lines of text that I have come to call computer programs (pattern recognition). With more effort I can write something that I, and perhaps you, will recognize as a computer program. At no time, however, am I aware that I am perceiving "at the level of program." Perhaps I am doing so, but I seem to be completely unaware of the fact.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

[From Bill Powers (2004.06.30.0623 MDT)]

Bruce Nevin (2004.06.29 23:09 EDT)--

I am not talking about meanings. I am talking about the conventional
difference between e.g. see, be, pee, etc. and all the other limited sets
of choices at each point of contrast in that utterance. Regardless of what
they meant by the words, it is very clear what words they said.

I think we both may be finding ourselves arguing for positions which lie
considerably beyond where we actually stand, like pulling on a rubber-band
to overcome a disturbance: if the other guy ever let go of his end, the
knot would end up far from where we want it.

I find myself arguing, in effect, that people can't really reach agreement
about anything, a point that, if true, would make communication futile. Of
course if you were to admit that perhaps thay don't agree quite as well as
they think they do, I could relax and admit that perhaps they agree a bit
better than I think they can, though I still don't understand how they can
do it.

What reminded me of this was your paragrah above. It's analogous to the way
physical scientists try to reduce their measurements of nature to the
simplest terms they can find, Classically, this is expressed in the
exaggerated form of observing coincidences of pointers and marks on a
scale. It is easier to observe and agree on such coincidences than it is to
agree on the path followed by a falling object. It is easier, to
paraphrase, to agree on contrasts between phonemes than it is to agree on
the meanings of words.

If we can focus on just that one point, perhaps the influence of other more
abstruse aims in the background can be reduced.

I demonstrated once, to my own satisfaction if not yours, that I as unable
to reproduce the same sound spectrogram twice in a row by saying what
sounded and felt to me like exactly the same word, "hello." The sound
spctra were obviously different to the unaided eye. I believe that your
rejoinder was to the effect that I had not examined the contrasts between
the phonemes embedded in the spectogram, with the implication that you
would expect my reproduction of the contrasts to be much better than my
reproduction of the individual phonemes.

I can see the sense in this by thinking of "absolute pitch." I have a good
ear for intervals -- thirds, fourths, and so on -- but do not have absolute
pitch, so if I tried to repeat the same interval I could do it quite well,
but I could not reproduce the same notes with the same exactness,
particularly if spaced far apart in time. So I take it that you are talking
about perceiving and reproducing a _relationship between_ phonemes as
opposed to reproducing the phonemes themselves. Is that correct?

Best,

Bill P.

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0855)]

Bill Powers (2004.06.30.0623 MDT)

I can see the sense in this by thinking of "absolute pitch." I have a good
ear for intervals -- thirds, fourths, and so on -- but do not have absolute
pitch, so if I tried to repeat the same interval I could do it quite well,
but I could not reproduce the same notes with the same exactness,
particularly if spaced far apart in time. So I take it that you are talking
about perceiving and reproducing a _relationship between_ phonemes as
opposed to reproducing the phonemes themselves. Is that correct?

Amongst those who toil in darkness, this is sometimes called pattern recognition. How the brain does this is another story.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

[From Bill Powers (2004.06.30.0829 MDT)]

Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0834)--

Imagine any plane geometric figure. Imagine an object placed inside this
figure.

Now construct and write a sentence, as best you can, which will convey to
me, as exactly as you can, what you imagined.

I imagined a triangle, and inside the triangle I imagined the head of a
lion. i had no trouble realizing I was imagining these and not perceiving
them (hallucinating).

OK, the picture I get is of the head of the MGM lion opening his mouth and
roaring (head 3/4 view oriented with the nose to my right). The triangle
has the point at the top, and is about twice as large as the lion's head.
Its color is red, and the line thickness is appreciable. Is that what you
imagined?

···

-----------------------------------------------

I think the following may explain my inability to perceive at higher
level. I can perceive lines of 'text". I recognize this as a computer
program, because it shares features with other lines of text that I have
come to call computer programs (pattern recognition). With more effort I
can write something that I, and perhaps you, will recognize as a computer
program. At no time, however, am I aware that I am perceiving "at the
level of program." Perhaps I am doing so, but I seem to be completely
unaware of the fact.

I think it's best to use real examples. Here is a computer program (not
really, but you can read it):

1. Morse writes the time in the margin of the crossword puzzle.

2. Morse studies the next unsolved definition until he sees the answer, and
writes the answer into the puzzle.

3. Morse looks looks to see if there is another unsolved definition. If so,
he returns to step 2. Otherwise, he proceeds to step 4.

4. Morse writes down the time next to the first time, subtracts the earlier
from the later time, and writes down the result.

5. Program ends.

So can you perceive this process and imagine how it goes? Can you perceive
the purpose of this program? I'm sure you can, there's no trick question here.

(I've been rereading "The Way Through the Woods").

As to pattern recognition, since all perceptions involve pattern
recognition in your terms, we still need terms to designate different forms
of pattern recognition, such as perception of intensities, sensations,
configurations, and so on to the patterns we call system concepts. Each
one, of course, would require a different method of pattern recognition --
an input function that recognizes a set of sensations as the sound of an
oboe could not perform the function of recognizing a succession of
configurations as a particular kind of movement like the rotation of a
second hand on a clock. Each different kind of pattern recognition would
require a different kind of computation. Is that a reasonable idea?

Best,

Bill P.

Bruce Nevin (2004.06.30 11:39 EDT)

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0629.0941)]

Bruce Nevin (2004.06.29 09:10 EDT)

Perceptions of social realities are perceptions of other

people’s perceptions.

You seem to be enamored of using language this way so I will not attempt
to convince you that it is unwise. I will simply offer my translation;

Perceptions of social reality are based upon (often tacit) inferences
about the perceptions of others.

Certainly we can make distinctions between different kinds of perceptions
reflecting how we believe they are constructed.
However, there is more involved than a logical process of inference in
the brain of the observer. There is a reciprocation among the people in a
public. These people control certain perceptions in a conventionalized
and therefore easily recognized way. Conventionalization establishes a
categorial array of discrete possibilities. To pick one requires only
distinguishing it from the other possibilities in the array that could
occur in the given context.
An arbitrary array of conventionalized discrete possibilities is learned
initially by observing others controlling to communicate information and
coordinate with one another by means of them, and subsequently by having
to control one’s own perceptions of these discrete, conventional
alternatives.
Language is an easy place to look for examples, beginning with phonemic
distinctions. It doesn’t matter that the child’s American English /r/ is
produced by means of more lip rounding than an adult employs, she and her
hearers still distinguish won from run (and from the other
discrete possibilities).

The CVs and the manner of controlling them are conventionalized in a
certain way in that public, but not in the same way in another public.
(Perceptions of some of these differences are often themselves perceptual
inputs for recognizing that another participates in the same public as
oneself, or even for recognizing membership in a specific other public.)

This reciprocal interaction of people controlling certain perceptions in
a conventionalized and therefore easily recognized way has persisted
through time as far back as we are able to document and reconstruct. The
conventions have slowly changed through time, so slowly that the changes
are never noticed as such as they happen, only as differences between
one’s own CVs and reference values and the CVs and reference values of
others who are therefore perceived as different from oneself in their
social affiliation. Those young people can say things like “That
other ride was funner.” I would say “That other ride was more
fun.”

The objection has been that these conventions do not exist apart from the
perceptions in the brains of individuals. Perhaps the process is
understandable now how individuals maintain these conventionalized CVs
and reference values in a public by their perceptions of one another’s
control of them in conventionalized and therefore easily recognized
ways.

A while back there was no quibble about the existence of social norms and
conventions, and Martin suggested that they could arise by control
systems reorganizing to reduce error in their interactions with one
another. This may be sufficient, TBD. However, it is easy to demonstrate
that people in addition do perceive and control differences in social
norms and conventions. All I am arguing is that this perception and
control of social norms and conventions is involved in the process of
learning them and maintaining them. I do not attribute agency to anything
other than the individuals that are involved. So I’m puzzled why what was
well understood and agreed is now controversial.

    /Bruce

Nevin

···

At 09:41 AM 6/29/2004 -0400, Bruce Gregory wrote:

[From Rick Marken (2004.06.30.1000)]

Bill Williams (30 June 2004 1:15 AM PST]

Rick Marken (2004.06.29.1420)]

In the long run the "plausibility" of PCT will get sorted out on the basis
of scientific tests, all of which currently show PCT to be the best model of
behavior around.

You are assuming that the PCT sophistology is neccesary to support the
modeling of human behavior.

Not at all. Any model of human behavior can be tried. PCT is the only model
right not that can account for things like control relative to a varying
reference for the state of a controlled variable.

I don't actually see myself as an opposed to approaching human behavior
from the standpoint of control theory.

Right. It's just PCT to which you are opposed. Which I think is really great
for PCT.

RSM

···

--
Richard S. Marken
MindReadings.com
Home: 310 474 0313
Cell: 310 729 1400

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.1414)]

Bill Powers (2004.06.30.0829 MDT)

OK, the picture I get is of the head of the MGM lion opening his mouth and
roaring (head 3/4 view oriented with the nose to my right). The triangle
has the point at the top, and is about twice as large as the lion's head.
Its color is red, and the line thickness is appreciable. Is that what you
imagined?

I don't see the point of this exercise. Suppose I said, "Yes! You got it exactly right." What next? In my view we are imagining similar things. Is this what is meant by constructing a perception?

I think it's best to use real examples. Here is a computer program (not
really, but you can read it):

1. Morse writes the time in the margin of the crossword puzzle.

2. Morse studies the next unsolved definition until he sees the answer, and
writes the answer into the puzzle.

3. Morse looks looks to see if there is another unsolved definition. If so,
he returns to step 2. Otherwise, he proceeds to step 4.

4. Morse writes down the time next to the first time, subtracts the earlier
from the later time, and writes down the result.

5. Program ends.

So can you perceive this process and imagine how it goes? Can you perceive
the purpose of this program? I'm sure you can, there's no trick question here.

I think I see the problem. No, I cannot perceive the process, and no, I cannot perceive the purpose of the program. I can perceive each step you describe. And I can infer that they are linked in some way. I can guess the purpose. Can I take it that inferences are perceptions in your model? If so, I can accept the fact that you are using perceive in a very special way. For me it is easier to use another word to describe the input to a control system. Let's say "input." Then you seem to be asking me if I can imagine that the sequence you described can be described by a linear variable and serve as input to a control system. I would have to say that I have difficulty imagining this since I can't imagine the process as constituting a continuum. If Morse solved the puzzle in a different order is this a different input function? Or can it be represented by a different value of the original input function? I don't know.

As to pattern recognition, since all perceptions involve pattern
recognition in your terms, we still need terms to designate different forms
of pattern recognition, such as perception of intensities, sensations,
configurations, and so on to the patterns we call system concepts. Each
one, of course, would require a different method of pattern recognition --
an input function that recognizes a set of sensations as the sound of an
oboe could not perform the function of recognizing a succession of
configurations as a particular kind of movement like the rotation of a
second hand on a clock. Each different kind of pattern recognition would
require a different kind of computation. Is that a reasonable idea?

it's not unreasonable, but it is not where I would begin. I would look for the simplest model. One in which the pattern recognition process works in similar ways for all modalities. I would only complicate the model when it became clear to me that this would not work.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.

From[Bill Williams 30 June 2004 1:30 PM CST]

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.0613)]

        >Perhaps you are confused about the nature of perception in PCT. I >wouldn't be at all surprised in view of the many ways we use the term. Rick >said something. I perceived what he said. And I repeated what I thought I >had perceived him saying. Nowhere in the process did I perceive what Rick >perceived. Nor, as far as I know, did Rick perceive what he meant. >Although I suspect that he perceived what he said. Any clearer?

        I think you have explained it. However, I don't think that the other Burce would neccesarily approve.

        Bill Williams

[From Bruce Gregory (2004.0630.1433)]

Bruce Nevin (2004.06.30 11:39 EDT)

A while back there was no quibble about the existence of social norms and conventions, and Martin suggested that they could arise by control systems reorganizing to reduce error in their interactions with one another. This may be sufficient, TBD. However, it is easy to demonstrate that people in addition do perceive and control differences in social norms and conventions. All I am arguing is that this perception and control of social norms and conventions is involved in the process of learning them and maintaining them. I do not attribute agency to anything other than the individuals that are involved. So I'm puzzled why what was well understood and agreed is now controversial.

Needless to say, I cannot speak for others. I can say that I think I understand Martin's proposal and that I have a great deal of trouble understanding yours. Doubtless one of my many limitations, but I can't even imagine how one would go about modeling what you describe. Until that happens, I won't pretend to understand the implications of your claims for quantized states of social actions.

Bruce Gregory

There seems to be no shortage of people who value certainty above truth.