Eetu,
You promised that you’ll read physiological book 
. I’ll start with what Bill wrote about nervous system. Or you can read it for yourself ? What do you appreciate more ? If you’ll do it for yourself it’s from pages 25-39 (B:CP, 2005). But if you want to understand better the difference between digital and analog computers you can start reading from 21.
Just one detail from Bills’ book :
Bill P (B:CP) :
Given the definition of one and zero as maximum and zero neural current repsectively, and identifying inhibition as the not operator, it is possible to go on from here to design logic cicrcuits functionally identical to those used in digital computers.
HB : We mustn’t forget that Bill look upon nervous system from scientific/engineering view as Rick would say. Whatever view he took it’s unique and it’s incredible experience studiying him.
As I know that you already read B:CP (2005) I would advice you not to read it again or just “going thorugh the book”. It doesn’t make any sense. I think it’s much better to study his books, comparing his findings with sources he mentioned or find other scientific sources that descibe the same matter. I can garantee that It’s worth of every hour you spent with his books.
I hope you’ll not ead it as Rick, who is reading Bills’ books for 40 years and maybe more, and he still don’t understand PCT.
Boris
···
From: Eetu Pikkarainen eetu.pikkarainen@oulu.fi
Sent: Tuesday, May 15, 2018 7:58 AM
To: boris.hartman@masicom.net
Subject: RE: page 76 B:COP (2005)
Boris,
do you think that all those signals: perceptual, reference, error can have only 1 or 0 value?
Then there would be no smooth changings, and an organism’s output would be always either full or not at all?
I does not sound reasonable for me.
Eetu
From: “Boris Hartman” csgnet@lists.illinois.edu
Sent: 14. toukokuuta 2018 17:55
To: csgnet@lists.illinois.edu
Subject: RE: page 76 B:COP (2005)
Philip,
Sorry I’m a little late, but Ricks “behavioristic festival” took me too much time.
From: PHILIP JERAIR YERANOSIAN pyeranos@ucla.edu
Sent: Thursday, May 3, 2018 12:36 AM
To: csgnet csgnet@lists.illinois.edu
Subject: Re: page 76 B:COP (2005)
philip 3:31 pm PT 5/2/18
Why is it written “Lack of a reference signal has precisely the meaning of a reference signal of zero”.
HB : I’ve tried to explain these phenomenon already to Bruce A. I think we have to understand how nervous system function. There are two possible states of neural signal 1 or 0. It’s all or nothing Law. Reference neural signal zero means that there is no signal or lack of reference signal. I assume that longer lack of reference signal means death. Alison by my oppinion gave right answer by pointing out to homeostasis. See my answer there.
Best,
Boris
On Wed, May 2, 2018 at 2:56 PM, Martin Taylor mmt-csg@mmtaylor.net wrote:
[Martin Taylor 2018.05.02.17.42]
philip 2:18 pm PT 5/2/18
This sentence caught my attention:
A zero reference signal means only that the control system will act so as to prevent the corresponding perceptual signal from appearing, and that in turn means holding constant some objective (even if abstract) condition in the physical world.
Can someone please discuss this.
There’s really not much to discuss. Imagine that you are controlling your perception of where your friend is standing with respect to the Eiffel tower, and you want to take a picture of her with her finger seeming to be place on the top of the tower. You control your perception of the relationship between the finger location and the top of the tower location, If the finger is too high, you control to make it look lower, either by moving the camera or by asking your friend to lower her finger. Similarly if the finger looks too low. The perceived relationship in the first case is positive, in the second case negative. You have a reference value of zero – there is zero distance between the fingertip and the top of the tower in your camera viewfinder. When the value of the perception is close enough to zero to satisfy you, you click the shutter. You have been “keeping the separation perceptual signal from appearing”, or at a zero reference value.
That’s all it means.
Powers is making the point that controlling to a zero reference value is very different from not controlling that perception.
Martin