Getting Started

[From Bruce Abbott (950502.1040 EST)]

Rick Marken (950501.2120) --

Bruce Abbott (950501.1335 EST)

What has been missing is not so much the quantitative
manipulations as the proper way to model the system.

You keep ignoring the fact that control theory is about control. The
quantitative data on classical conditioning has nothing to do with
control. It was collected under the assumption that a CS causes a CR;
but there is no such causal path. There is just an organism controlling
a perception and acting, as necessary, to protect that perception from
the effects of ANY disturbance.

Let's keep things in their proper context. My statement was made to correct
Bill Powers' conjecture that quantitative manipulations of such variables as
CS and US intensity have not been done. I said yes they have, but
unfortunately these manipulations were not done with PCT in mind. Without
that framework the data collected may be less than ideally useful for
constructing control-systems models. It seems to me that we agree on this.

You continue to claim that PCT is the "proper" way to develop a model
of existing quantitative behavioral data. I suppose there is a sense in
which this is true; after all, these data are measures of aspects of the
behavior of a control system. But I think it is ultimately impossible to
demonstrate the value of PCT in terms of existing data. In fact, I think
it is impossible to use existing data to show that PCT is any better than a
cause-effect model. This is because existing data focus on apparent
cause-effect relationships rather than controlled variables.

I believe that extant data can guide the development of models of the
behaving organism which will demonstrate the phenomena of classical
conditioning. I have not claimed that such models can be fully developed
and tested entirely on the basis of extant data. In fact, I agree with you
that new data will have to be collected. The problem is, were do we start?
I suggest we start by reviewing what is known about some particular
well-studied system, such as those whose actions produce eyeblinks or
salivation, for hints about what perceptions may be controlled, and in what
way. Based on this information, we can design new studies to test for these
controlled perceptions and determine how the control systems involved are
structured and interconnected. We have to start somewhere--why not here?

Invitingly,

Bruce

[From Rick Marken (950502.1045)]

Bruce Abbott (950502.1040 EST) --

I believe that extant data can guide the development of models of the
behaving organism which will demonstrate the phenomena of classical
conditioning.

I agree that they can be a start. But once we have a tentative model (like
Bill's CS+US+CR controller) I think we should just ignore the rest of the
existing data and start doing control research. The longer you wait to start
doing research the right way, the longer I get to say that only Tom, Bill and
I have ever done PCT research. And you know how much I hate to be an
annoying braggart;-)

I agree with you that new data will have to be collected. The problem is,
were do we start?

If you are interested in "classical conditioning", start with Bill's model
and develop a way to test it. It should be possible to set up a simple
computer analog of a conditioning task (ie. warning signal allows
anticipatory movement of cursor to counter disturbance); see how well the
model can be made to handle the controlling done in this task.

I suggest we start by reviewing what is known about some particular
well-studied system, such as those whose actions produce eyeblinks or
salivation, for hints about what perceptions may be controlled, and in what
way.

That is certainly an option. But I bet that what you find will be confusing
and misleading. Remember, this research was aimed at finding the causes of
responses and the data that is reported tends to be only what is relevant to
this quest. You won't, for example, find data regarding the states of
possible controlled variables. Look how hard it was for Bill to get data
relevant to the variable controlled in Vehave's shock avoidance experiment;
the data he needed wasn't reported in Vehave's article; Bill had to write
to Vehave to get the data he needed on shocks received; I think Bill managed
to get the data just before Vehave was going to trash them (since they were
"useless").

We have to start somewhere--why not here?

Because you are starting at a dead end that will keep you (I bet) from really
starting. Why not just start at the begininng; roll up your sleeves and start
doing some PCT research.

If you insist on starting your PCT research career by developing a model that
will account for some body of existing data, that's fine with me. In that
case I'll be looking forward to seeing you here again next year at the PCT
research starting line;-) The number of people waiting at this line gets
larger every year. The people at the PCT research starting line have never
actually started doing PCT research because they are sure that PCT should
first account for some body of existing behavioral data. Bill Powers
fired the starting gun in 1973; doesn't anyone want to push out of the
blocks besides Tom and me?

Best

Rick (winning but not enjoying it) Marken