naming behavior [behavioring]

[Jim Dundon 2006.04.03.0200EDST]

Rick, you said;

“Bill Powers found that behavior is… neither a caused nor an emitted output. It is a control process.”

I have no problem with that when I understand that you mean motor actions by someone resulting in an alteration in conditions in the environment to satisfy a human want or desire. The difficulty I face is in altering all of my previously learned applications of the name behavior. That is why I asked for clarification and although there are very definite statements made by various people there still seems to be some inconsistency in opinion. Some things which I consider behavior, PCT excludes from that classification and I will get into that more below. First:

When I asked if it meant purposeful normal balanced behavior or all behavior including catatonic, I was told all behavior by

Bjorn Simonsen who said “all behavior”

and

Martin Taylor who said “all behavior”

and

Rick who said “mainly about what would be called normal behavior… except where conflict interferes with controlling”, “I think it’s fair to say all behaviors.”, “yes… though some would surely involve failures of control due to internal conflicts”

Bjorn and Martin agree that catatonic behavior is included in the B:CP. Unless Bill Powers or someone who can speak for him tells me that is not what he intended I would say that is the case. I would leave no behavior out. But that does not seem to me to be what Bill Powers is talking about. It seems to me that he is talking more about what Rick describes as behavior where relatively successful controlling or action on the environment is taking place. So there surely seems to be different positions among PCTers as to what is meant. Rick clearly indicates that conflict would mean a failure of control. And since conflict results in paralysis it is clear that Rick does not consider the catatonic behavior as control of perception. To me the catatonic is clearly not engaging his environment at least not the one outside the body, but I consider the behavior purposeful nonetheless. It provides some measure of safety for that individual. It is certainly not what most of us would refer to when we say purposeful behavior. Would you say the catatonic represents zero control or maximum control or controlling for zero control? I admit that I am begging these questions in order to see just how well thought out the application of the terming is.

You said also Rick, that you have a friend who counsels and that his experience tells him that people come to him hoping to get control back. This is a further indication that when you use the word control you are talking about satisfying purposeful behavior in the way that most of us use that word. So this would mean that you do not see the catatonic as controlling. Would it not be safe to assume that people seek help in changing reference signals as a way to improve the way they see life?

So far I have absolutely no problem in calling actions which alter the environment “controlling for perception” I like “controlling for” better than “control of” because it sounds a little more active. The catatonic, I would say if I would venture a guess, is controlling for zero perception.

Martin, you said:

“B:CSP would not be reasonable because it puts the emphasis on the someness of the perceptions” To me it would represent emphasis on the need for accurate and efficient communication of all the concept addresses. At least in a “PCT for Dummies” handbook. I could later graduate to more sophisticated terming.

Somewhere along the way I became accustomed to believing, accepted the naming, the phonetic parsings, of certain things about my body/mind as behaviors. I have no problem calling them behaviors. Even though they don’t seem to fit the exclusive employment of the word behavior in PCT which I think refers only to motor action on the environment.

My ability to imagine> to reason> to think> to have opinions> to feel> to attitude, I consider potential behaviors.

I also consider certain ‘facts of my body’s needs’ as the behavior of this particular organism and organisms of its type. The fact that it needs air, water, food, a certain temperature range, light, interaction, change, and the fact that it will die, as behavior. I’m speaking not only of my participation in the use of these things thru action but the fact that the needs and the fact that I will die exist as behaviors characteristic of the class of organism to which I belong. This is very important. The needs. as facts, not just their satisfaction, are behavior. The needing of air is a characteristic behavior of humans. It is dictated by my evolutionary history. This does not make me an automaton. I am very much a product of my environment. Considering these facts as behaviors and accepting them as products of my evolutionary history, enables me to love myself, It helps me to like myself, to liken myself and to know, through words, what I can do. It gives me more control. It is probable, in the history of these namings, that they were produced with love, before I ever heard them; some of them were here waiting for me. They were a gift I did not control for. This would be the Allism of behavior to me. When I act, I must consider it all that matters, but it doesn’t mean that upon reflection I cannot see all these other things as behaviors.

When I think as I do between sentences here in this post, I utilize the English language and all of those phonetic formings are being silently formed but not vocalized. The muscles in my jaw and face which normally form those phonetic utterances when I vocalize are also being utilized to some degree when I think. If I prevented that from happening I would be Zenning. To me this is behavior. I’m not sure what PCT considers it. Perhaps it considers the minute pressures and sensations in my face as behavior. I very much consider it behavior even though I’m not acting on my environment. I think born and Martin would agree with me I’m not sure about Bill Powers or Rick Marken

Yesterday I turned a corner while driving and entered a street I had not been on in several weeks. As I did so, I was filled, for only a second or two, with a sensation that I’m not sure I have a word for. It was a surge of pleasure. The street was lined with white blossoms. It lasted only a second or two. It was not “oh look at the blossoms”. There was no recognition of trees, or street with trees, It was not sought, it was not controlled for, it had not been anticipated, but it sure did feel good. For that second and a half I did not know who I was or what I was. My cares were displaced completely. I could not maintain it. It lasted only long enough for me to discern it. If I could’ve gone around the block and repeated the experience I would’ve done so but I knew that would not work. Had I controlled for that perception and gone around the block I would’ve been disappointed. I can only hope that it happens again, but even a conscious hope probably precludes it doing so. To me, that experience was a behavior of me as an organism. It is a behavior of this organism, the human body. Other human bodies have experienced a similar thing. I have no problem calling that behavior. In fact I like calling it our/my kind of behavior, it makes me feel good. I want to capture it, hold onto it, talk about it, label it as having happened for me, having it happen for us. It happened in, to, with, by, of and for my nervous system, i see it as a behavior of this organism, unless I reserve the name behavior for a perception achieved by using motor muscular action using a reference signal etc… Bill has spoken many times of his belief in closed loop negative feedback phenomenon as appearing throughout an organism at many levels including the molecular and chemical so why could this not be viewed as behavior in the PCT sense, as something controlled for at some level in my body? What does PCT call it?

I like reading about PCT and increasing my understanding of it. I enjoy the stimulating, rewarding effect of the promise of more control. When I read of how much more I can be autonomous than automaton my ears perk up. But I am reminded when I read some passages from Bill’s book that get into the details of neural currents and redundant fibers and continuous average summation effects that we are looking at things which have been dictated by our evolutionary history, and I realize how subordinated we are to this fact, and I wonder just who is having the last word, a scientist or nature? .

When I consider the form, the nature of the observable changes of my existence as having been produced by many forces including my environment I can understand why I’m glad there is air and gravity and sunlight and warmth and cool breezes. These and many many many other things have produced me and my body. Anything that I sense shares in the production of me if it doesn’t kill me immediately, but if it kills me slowly it also will share in the production of me. It is easy to see that I am encouraged to exist by my environment; that an environment in conjunction with whatever DNA has produced will continue to encourage that kind of behavior. It is reasonable to see that the interaction between an organism and its environment has been one in which the environment encourages certain behavior, satisfaction of the needs it has helped produce. It is recognition of this interaction which has led to the stimulus response theory, as seeing the environment as an encourager of action. Depending on gravity from one step to the next encourages me to take one more if doing so serves my purpose. It does not demand that I do this indefinitely. But I can pretty much count on it when I wanna walk. If we lived in an environment which did not satisfy or reward any of our actions we would not exist; conversely if we didn’t act at all on our environment we would not exist. It would be a mistake to give the environment all the credit and consequently all the power. But we should not deny the fact that it does encourage certain action. My evolutionary history pretty much dictates a lot of my behavior. I may not like that. Some children hate it so much that they hold their breath to the point of unconsciousness. But it is a fact.

I like the idea of being autonomous but I I’m not sure it’s possible and somehow I don’t think that’s the major issue. Actions as controllings in the service of a perception, dictated by my evolutionary history, it really turns me on for now. Maybe I’ll do better later.

I thank you all for your patience,

Jim D

.

[Martin Taylor 2006.04.03.00.13]

[Jim Dundon 2006.04.03.0200EDST]

Lots woth commenting on in this message, but I'm simply too busy for anything but one comment:

You can use the word "behaviour" as you see fit, but the main reason most peple use words is to communcate with the people they are addressing.

Take an analogy: You enter a physics mailing list, and then tell them you define "energy" as the feeling you get when you are particularly alive to the world. Do you think you will communicate well with physicists who use the word in a well-defined specific sense related to force, time, distance, heat capacity, etc. etc.?

Likewise with "behaviour" when you are talking on a PCT mailing list. Most of us can recognize the colloquial uses you take as examples, but most of those phenomena, real as they are, don't ordinarily get subsumed in the technical (PCT-technical) use of the term.

Most of what you identify as behaviour would be called "perceptions" in PCT, inckuding the sense of pleasure you got in the blossom-filled street (a sensation that is probably a month away, here).

Bjorn and Martin agree that catatonic behavior is included in the B:CP.

and

To me the catatonic is clearly not engaging his environment at least not the one outside the body, but I consider the behavior purposeful nonetheless. It provides some measure of safety for that individual.

There's two sorts of catatonia, if I understand you correctly. One is essentially paralysis, the other is controlling for not responding to external stimulation. Paralysis isn't behaviour. It's an inability to behave. Controlling for being totally still is behaviour.

There could be a third kind, according to PCT. That third kind would happen when the output gain of the relevant control systems was zero. Movement wouldn't happen, but not because the person willed that movement wouldn't happen, and not because the muscles were paralysed. I don't know if this kinbd ever occurs, but it's a theoretical possibility.

Would you say the catatonic represents zero control or maximum control or controlling for zero control?

The answer depends on what the catatonic is trying to do. But you'd have to change the last word in the quoted sentence, and I don't think anyone here could properly parse the concept "maximum control". The alternatives are "zero control" and "control for zero movement", as discussed above.

Rick clearly indicates that conflict would mean a failure of control. And since conflict results in paralysis it is clear that Rick does not consider the catatonic behavior as control of perception.

Conflict by no means results in paralysis. What it results in can be quite violent action, but what it MUST result in is failure of control on the part of at least one of the conflicted control systems.

Martin, you said:
"B:CSP would not be reasonable because it puts the emphasis on the someness of the perceptions" To me it would represent emphasis on the need for accurate and efficient communication of all the concept addresses.

Well, if you wanted to do that, you'd have to make it AB:CSP -- "All Behaviour: the control of some perceptions".

Somewhere along the way I became accustomed to believing, accepted the naming, the phonetic parsings, of certain things about my body/mind as behaviors. I have no problem calling them behaviors. Even though they don't seem to fit the exclusive employment of the word behavior in PCT which I think refers only to motor action on the environment.
My ability to imagine> to reason> to think> to have opinions> to

to attitude, I consider potential behaviors.

Control of perception exists (or seems to exist) without overt behaviour acting on the external world. It's often (perhaps sloppily) called "control through --or in-- imagination". There are disputes on this list about the processes involved, but that there are such control processes seems to be accepted. So, in a sense you are right, especially when you include the word "potential".

Let's go a little further in the "book acronym" list. We start with "All Behaviour is the control of perception", meaning that all intended actions on the outer world are to affect something one perceives. This recognizes that anything one does is likely to have other effects as well as those that influence the perception in question, and it says nothing about other perceptions one has that one does not control. We dealt with that the last time. What we didn't deal with last time was that not all control of perception is through overt behaviour. There are perceptions that are controlled simply in the mind, as you observe. Those, likewise, are not in the actual book title; nor are they disallowed by it.

You then come to the question of "the outer world". One way of considering inside and outside is to take the skin as the boundary. But one could also consider only a simple elementary control system that is part of the enormous complex that is our mind (or brain). For that elementary control system, all the rest of the complex is its external environment, and its outputs are behaviours in that environment. You could call them its "behaviour".

That does muddy the definitional waters a bit, but it is consistent. Behaviour remains the overt effects of the output of a control system on its external environment. Only for the simple elementary control system, that environment is still (probably) inside the skin. That's the situation when we do a controlled search for soemthing in memory -- trying to remember where we put the keys, for example.

I also consider certain 'facts of my body's needs' as the behavior of this particular organism and organisms of its type. The fact that it needs air, water, food, a certain temperature range, light, interaction, change, and the fact that it will die, as behavior.

I can't see those facts as behaviur, even in the colloquial sense. They are just facts, like the fact that three is more than two.

I didn't think I had time for that much. I hope it helps, and that you will forgive me for not now addressing the rest of your message.

Martin

[From Dick Robertson, 2006.04.03.1645CDT]

I’d like to weigh in on a few points in your post Jim,

jim dundon wrote:

[Jim Dundon 2006.04.03.0200EDST]

<>>
Rick, you said;

“Bill Powers found that behavior
is… neither a caused nor an emitted output. It is a control
process.”

I have no problem with that when I
understand that you mean motor actions by someone resulting in an
alteration in conditions in the environment to satisfy a human want or
desire. The difficulty I face is in altering all of my previously
learned applications of the name behavior.

Yeah, that is a dilemma that I think we all have faced in reorganizing
our views of what psychology is all about. First, let me say that the
terms in Bill’s book, like “control,” “perception,” “distubance,” and
the proposed form of circuitry in a control system are all defined,
technical terms. There might be some controversy about the details of
the definition, but they all are convertible into algabraic terms in
Bill’s control model equations. “Behavior” on the other hand, in not
such a technical term. Bill might have named his first book something
like “the meaning of control in living systems.” But he made a
concession to readers who would not have recognized anything to which
they could attach their interest in such a technically correct title.

Therefore it becomes necessary, at some early point in the game, to get
familiar with the equations, and how they quantify the workings of the
control circuit, illustrating the main point: that whatever action is
going on serves to keep a perceptual signal matched to its reference
(as nearly as possible for the equipment and conditions that obtain). I
hope I have said this correctly–I imagine if not, I’ll hear about it
soon enough.

The importance of this as starting point is to recognize that you can’t
really take a vague term, like “Behavior” as your starting point and
then try to warp control theory around to fit whatever the term means
to you.

That is why I asked for
clarification and although there are very definite statements made by
various people there still seems to be some inconsistency in opinion.
Some things which I consider behavior, PCT excludes from that
classification and I will get into that more below. First:

When I asked if it meant purposeful
normal balanced behavior or all behavior including catatonic, I was
told all behavior by

Bjorn Simonsen who said “all
behavior”

and

Martin Taylor who said “all behavior”

and

Rick who said “mainly about what
would be called normal behavior… except where conflict interferes
with controlling”, “I think it’s fair to say all behaviors.”, “yes…
though some would surely involve failures of control due to internal
conflicts”

I offer the above as evidence for my previous contentions. Recall the
basic item of scientific discussions: Define your terms! Once we try to
define what 'Behavior" means we run into the question of how to
operationalize one’s definition. You can render “behavior” in an
equation, as some purpored psychological research studies try to do,
but you run into the kind of debates, resulting from all the
idiosyncratic, personal referents of the words you use. Now having
said all this I will make a fool of myself and try to get into the
discussion with the terms being tossed around.

Bjorn and Martin agree that
catatonic behavior is included in the B:CP.

In referring to “catatonic behavior” I believe you are begging the
issue, or coopting the argument, or whatever the hell it is when you
use a term to refer to itself. People who get called catatonic don’t do
much, that’s for sure. If you try to move an arm, turn the head, etc.
he person might move it back to just where it was. I would definitely
call that a “likely case of control.” I’m that cautious because …and
here is where the next earth shaking part of Bill’s theory comes in:
PCT offers a model of the functioning of living organisms from the
inside out
just the opposite of all other psychological research. So,
getting back to our “catatonic”, if he/she “corrects” the disturbance
you have imposed, that fits Bill’s conception of Control. We assume the
subject is_ maintaining_ a certain bodily configuration agains
disturnbances from outside his organism. If the subject allows the
disturbance, i. e. does not resume the prior configuration, according
to Bill’s conception we can only say that S is not contrlloing for the
prior configuration. In the equations this could be represented as gain
set to zero for that particular circuit. He/she is certainly
controlling other things…the internal organs that digest food, e.g.
keep on working – and thus within this way of looking at
behavior/body functioning/etc
we presume a multitude of control
systems (many working to genetically set reference signal values) are
at work. As a clinical psychologist I would assert that catatonics
display all kinds of behavior–if you accept that term for the various
states of affairs that they maintain. At the same time they do not
control various phenomenal “objects” that most of us would surely
expect. Therefore, we say clinically that “the catatonic doesn’t engage
in all kinds of normal behavior.”

Unless Bill Powers or someone who
can speak for him tells me that is not what he intended I would say
that is the case. I would leave no behavior out. But that does not
seem to me to be what Bill Powers is talking about. It seems to me
that he is talking more about what Rick describes as behavior where
relatively successful controlling or action on the environment is
taking place. So there surely seems to be different positions among
PCTers as to what is meant. Rick clearly indicates that conflict would
mean a failure of control. And since conflict results in paralysis it
is clear that Rick does not consider the catatonic behavior as control
of perception. To me the catatonic is clearly not engaging his
environment at least not the one outside the body, but I consider the
behavior purposeful nonetheless.

OK, I think you’ve got it both ways there, but that is all right with
me, it goes to show how unsuspectingly we all subtly change our
definitions of terms to make a point. We can have some fun with that.
When you get to examining Bill’s proposed hierarchy of control systems,
and apply his concept of the “test of the controlled variable” we can
reconfigure psychoanalysis with simple questions like, " what is your
objective in the above paragraph? Would you like the reader to say,
"No, you’ve got it wrong, " or “Yes, that’s what I meant.” ? And then,
what would it do for you to have whatever outcome you are seeking? The
answer to that would suggest “what you are really controlling for:” in
the discussion.l

It provides some measure of safety
for that individual. It is certainly not what most of us would refer
to when we say purposeful behavior. Would you say the catatonic
represents zero control or maximum control or controlling for zero
control? I admit that I am begging these questions in order to see
just how well thought out the application of the terming is.

Do you get it that PCT’ers speak of “behavior” to include you in the
discussion? The application of the terming is not well thought out at
all, because you get into endless regressions trying to define terms
that have no agreed-upon operational definitions.

<>You said also Rick, that you have a
friend who counsels and that his experience tells him that people come
to him hoping to get control back. This is a further indication that
when you use the word control you are talking about satisfying
purposeful behavior in the way that most of us use that word. So this
would mean that you do not see the catatonic as controlling. Would it
not be safe to assume that people seek help in changing reference
signals as a way to improve the way they see life? >
So far I have absolutely no problem
in calling actions which alter the environment “controlling for
perception”

OK, you can say that if you like, we are not just PCT’ers. We are first
and foremost just human beings, and therefore when you say that I
think I know more or less what you mean, so we can have a normal
discussion. But if you wanted to set up a PCT type of research study ,
I think we would rightfully insist that you grasp that control systems
work to keep perceptual signals conforming to their reference values,
as much as possible. In that mode we don’t “control for perception” we
just control the perception (if we can).

I like “controlling for” better than
“control of” because it sounds a little more active. The catatonic, I
would say if I would venture a guess, is controlling for zero
perception.

Martin, you said:

“B:CSP would not be reasonable
because it puts the emphasis on the someness of the perceptions” To me
it would represent emphasis on the need for accurate and efficient
communication of all the concept addresses. At least in a “PCT for
Dummies” handbook. I could later graduate to more sophisticated
terming.

Somewhere along the way I became
accustomed to believing, accepted the naming, the phonetic parsings, of
certain things about my body/mind as behaviors. I have no problem
calling them behaviors. Even though they don’t seem to fit the
exclusive employment of the word behavior in PCT which I think refers
only to motor action on the environment.

My ability to imagine> to

to think> to have opinions> to feel> to attitude, I
consider potential behaviors.

OK I think that here you are dealing with the (proposed) functioning of
higher order control systems. The question of how to research them
remains in a pretty primitive state, but we can speculate about whether
you could call a circuit that sets a reference like (e.g.) “go for the
gold” to a system that is controlling a set of sequences that
alternately set a bunch of references for various muscle groups (in a
behavior of, let’s say, “running the 400 at the Olympics”) – a contol
system.

Following Bill I say, Yes, I would call it a control system, that has
many subordinate systems as its components–And I will contrinue to
think of it that way until/or unless somebody isolates a living
neural circuit tha t accomplishes that “course of action” in some
entirely different way.

I don’t have any further comment on the rest of your post. It is in my
opinion, rather poetic, and I find it pretty. I enjoy talking like that
myself sometimes, although you are better at that than I am.

But I have trouble seeing that it has much to do with PCT.

I also consider certain ‘facts of my
body’s needs’ as the behavior of this particular organism and organisms
of its type. The fact that it needs air, water, food, a certain
temperature range, light, interaction, change, and the fact that it
will die, as behavior. I’m speaking not only of my participation in
the use of these things thru action but the fact that the needs and the
fact that I will die exist as behaviors characteristic of the class of
organism to which I belong. This is very important. The needs. as
facts, not just their satisfaction, are behavior. The needing of air is
a characteristic behavior of humans. It is dictated by my evolutionary
history. This does not make me an automaton. I am very much a product
of my environment. Considering these facts as behaviors and accepting
them as products of my evolutionary history, enables me to love
myself, It helps me to like myself, to liken myself and to know,
through words, what I can do. It gives me more control. It is
probable, in the history of these namings, that they were produced with
love, before I ever heard them; some of them were here waiting for me.
They were a gift I did not control for. This would be the Allism of
behavior to me. When I act, I must consider it all that matters, but
it doesn’t mean that upon reflection I cannot see all these other
things as behaviors.

When I think as I do between
sentences here in this post, I utilize the English language and all of
those phonetic formings are being silently formed but not vocalized.
The muscles in my jaw and face which normally form those
phonetic utterances when I vocalize are also being utilized to some
degree when I think. If I prevented that from happening I would be
Zenning. To me this is behavior. I’m not sure what PCT considers it.
Perhaps it considers the minute pressures and sensations in my face as
behavior. I very much consider it behavior even though I’m not acting
on my environment. I think born and Martin would agree with me I’m not
sure about Bill Powers or Rick Marken

Yesterday I turned a corner while
driving and entered a street I had not been on in several weeks. As I
did so, I was filled, for only a second or two, with a sensation that
I’m not sure I have a word for. It was a surge of pleasure. The
street was lined with white blossoms. It lasted only a second or
two. It was not “oh look at the blossoms”. There was no recognition of
trees, or street with trees, It was not sought, it was not controlled
for, it had not been anticipated, but it sure did feel good. For that
second and a half I did not know who I was or what I was. My cares
were displaced completely. I could not maintain it. It lasted only
long enough for me to discern it. If I could’ve gone around the block
and repeated the experience I would’ve done so but I knew that would
not work. Had I controlled for that perception and gone around the
block I would’ve been disappointed. I can only hope that it happens
again, but even a conscious hope probably precludes it doing so. To
me, that experience was a behavior of me as an organism. It is a
behavior of this organism, the human body. Other human bodies have
experienced a similar thing. I have no problem calling that behavior.
In fact I like calling it our/my kind of behavior, it makes me feel
good. I want to capture it, hold onto it, talk about it, label it
as having happened for me, having it happen for us. It happened in,
to, with, by, of and for my nervous system, i see it as a behavior of
this organism, unless I reserve the name behavior for a perception
achieved by using motor muscular action using a reference signal
etc… Bill has spoken many times of his belief in closed loop negative
feedback phenomenon as appearing throughout an organism at many
levels including the molecular and chemical so why could this not be
viewed as behavior in the PCT sense, as something controlled for at
some level in my body? What does
PCT call it?

I like reading about PCT and
increasing my understanding of it. I enjoy the stimulating, rewarding
effect of the promise of more control. When I read of how much more I
can be autonomous than automaton my ears perk up. But I am reminded
when I read some passages from Bill’s book that get into the details of
neural currents and redundant fibers and continuous average summation
effects that we are looking at things which have been dictated by our
evolutionary history, and I realize how subordinated we are to this
fact, and I wonder just who is having the last word, a scientist or
nature? .

When I consider the form, the nature
of the observable changes of my existence as having been produced by
many forces including my environment I can understand why I’m glad
there is air and gravity and sunlight and warmth and cool breezes.
These and many many many other things have produced me and my body.
Anything that I sense shares in the production of me if it doesn’t kill
me immediately, but if it kills me slowly it also will share in the
production of me. It is easy to see that I am encouraged to exist by
my environment; that an environment in conjunction with whatever DNA
has produced will continue to encourage that kind of behavior. It is
reasonable to see that the interaction between an organism and its
environment has been one in which the environment encourages certain
behavior, satisfaction of the needs it has helped produce. It is
recognition of this interaction which has led to the stimulus response
theory, as seeing the environment as an encourager of action.
Depending on gravity from one step to the next encourages me to take
one more if doing so serves my purpose. It does not demand that I do
this indefinitely. But I can pretty much count on it when I wanna
walk. If we lived in an environment which did not satisfy or reward any
of our actions we would not exist; conversely if we didn’t act at all
on our environment we would not exist. It would be a mistake to give
the environment all the credit and consequently all the power. But we
should not deny the fact that it does encourage certain action. My
evolutionary history pretty much dictates a lot of my behavior. I may
not like that. Some children hate it so much that they hold their
breath to the point of unconsciousness. But it is a fact.

I like the idea of being autonomous
but I I’m not sure it’s possible and somehow I don’t think that’s the
major issue. Actions as controllings in the service of a perception,
dictated by my evolutionary history, it really turns me on for now.
Maybe I’ll do better later.

I thank you all for your patience,

Jim D

Best,

Dick R

···

.

[FRom Dick Robertson,2006.04.03.1745.CDT]

Well, I see I could have saved myself a job if I'd read Martin's succinct and well phrased reply first.

Best,

Dick R

Martin Taylor wrote:

···

[Martin Taylor 2006.04.03.00.13]

[Jim Dundon 2006.04.03.0200EDST]

Lots woth commenting on in this message, but I'm simply too busy for anything but one comment:

You can use the word "behaviour" as you see fit, but the main reason most peple use words is to communcate with the people they are addressing.

Take an analogy: You enter a physics mailing list, and then tell them you define "energy" as the feeling you get when you are particularly alive to the world. Do you think you will communicate well with physicists who use the word in a well-defined specific sense related to force, time, distance, heat capacity, etc. etc.?

Likewise with "behaviour" when you are talking on a PCT mailing list. Most of us can recognize the colloquial uses you take as examples, but most of those phenomena, real as they are, don't ordinarily get subsumed in the technical (PCT-technical) use of the term.

Most of what you identify as behaviour would be called "perceptions" in PCT, inckuding the sense of pleasure you got in the blossom-filled street (a sensation that is probably a month away, here).

Bjorn and Martin agree that catatonic behavior is included in the B:CP.

and

To me the catatonic is clearly not engaging his environment at least not the one outside the body, but I consider the behavior purposeful nonetheless. It provides some measure of safety for that individual.

There's two sorts of catatonia, if I understand you correctly. One is essentially paralysis, the other is controlling for not responding to external stimulation. Paralysis isn't behaviour. It's an inability to behave. Controlling for being totally still is behaviour.

There could be a third kind, according to PCT. That third kind would happen when the output gain of the relevant control systems was zero. Movement wouldn't happen, but not because the person willed that movement wouldn't happen, and not because the muscles were paralysed. I don't know if this kinbd ever occurs, but it's a theoretical possibility.

Would you say the catatonic represents zero control or maximum control or controlling for zero control?

The answer depends on what the catatonic is trying to do. But you'd have to change the last word in the quoted sentence, and I don't think anyone here could properly parse the concept "maximum control". The alternatives are "zero control" and "control for zero movement", as discussed above.

Rick clearly indicates that conflict would mean a failure of control. And since conflict results in paralysis it is clear that Rick does not consider the catatonic behavior as control of perception.

Conflict by no means results in paralysis. What it results in can be quite violent action, but what it MUST result in is failure of control on the part of at least one of the conflicted control systems. > >> Martin, you said:

"B:CSP would not be reasonable because it puts the emphasis on the someness of the perceptions" To me it would represent emphasis on the need for accurate and efficient communication of all the concept addresses.

Well, if you wanted to do that, you'd have to make it AB:CSP -- "All Behaviour: the control of some perceptions".

Somewhere along the way I became accustomed to believing, accepted the naming, the phonetic parsings, of certain things about my body/mind as behaviors. I have no problem calling them behaviors. Even though they don't seem to fit the exclusive employment of the word behavior in PCT which I think refers only to motor action on the environment.
My ability to imagine> to reason> to think> to have opinions> to > to attitude, I consider potential behaviors.

Control of perception exists (or seems to exist) without overt behaviour acting on the external world. It's often (perhaps sloppily) called "control through --or in-- imagination". There are disputes on this list about the processes involved, but that there are such control processes seems to be accepted. So, in a sense you are right, especially when you include the word "potential".

Let's go a little further in the "book acronym" list. We start with "All Behaviour is the control of perception", meaning that all intended actions on the outer world are to affect something one perceives. This recognizes that anything one does is likely to have other effects as well as those that influence the perception in question, and it says nothing about other perceptions one has that one does not control. We dealt with that the last time. What we didn't deal with last time was that not all control of perception is through overt behaviour. There are perceptions that are controlled simply in the mind, as you observe. Those, likewise, are not in the actual book title; nor are they disallowed by it.

You then come to the question of "the outer world". One way of considering inside and outside is to take the skin as the boundary. But one could also consider only a simple elementary control system that is part of the enormous complex that is our mind (or brain). For that elementary control system, all the rest of the complex is its external environment, and its outputs are behaviours in that environment. You could call them its "behaviour".

That does muddy the definitional waters a bit, but it is consistent. Behaviour remains the overt effects of the output of a control system on its external environment. Only for the simple elementary control system, that environment is still (probably) inside the skin. That's the situation when we do a controlled search for soemthing in memory -- trying to remember where we put the keys, for example.

I also consider certain 'facts of my body's needs' as the behavior of this particular organism and organisms of its type. The fact that it needs air, water, food, a certain temperature range, light, interaction, change, and the fact that it will die, as behavior.

I can't see those facts as behaviur, even in the colloquial sense. They are just facts, like the fact that three is more than two.

I didn't think I had time for that much. I hope it helps, and that you will forgive me for not now addressing the rest of your message.

Martin

[From Bryan Thalhammer (2006.04.03.0955 CDT)]

Well, let's be clear here, that action is not always the same as behavior. By definition and even as observed by the actor or even an observer who may be doing the Test. Can we distinguish among purposeful behavior, random non-purposeful action, and disturbances within the living control system?

I think I wrote this earlier, that the thing that drives all this is the life force (which is probably imbued in the nature of RNA/DNA and mitochondrial DNA in replicating itself) that maintains itself in spite of all disturbances. Disturbances are generally thought to be in the environment. But that does not necessarily mean only outside of the living control system. Within the living control system is an environment also of bones, muscles, nerves, and other organs that support control. It could even be that the ability of most folks to concentrate on a few main high level perceptions at any given instant makes the other high level control systems the environment of the presently controlled variable.

So, EVERYTHING except that which we are controlling is disturbance, including our actions, which may include a lot of failed manipulations, misfires, and flinches. I have some nervous twitches (not to be confused with my typing here, hehehe) which sometimes cause a muscle, muscle group or sometimes even a finger, leg or arm to move suddenly without my having wanted to. If that happens as I am just sitting there, I am not sure what it is, but if it were to interfere with my grasping a cup, a pencil or something, that would be a disturbance no different than the wind or bumps in the road in the classic PCT driving example.

However (and I am not a neurologist or anyone who knows more than in a wiki article about catatonic behavior), such behavior that is classed as a flinch, a tick, or a catatonic behavior could be through the same channels as purposeful behavior. Not to mention all the data we have that indicates that bioelectrical impulses cannot be distinguished as purposful or catatonic. So grasping wildly, blinking, grimacing, and many other actions can be purposeful behavior, non-purposeful (kinda extra or even random actions that in themselves achieve nothing) action, or simply disturbances to purposeful control.

The way to verify I would suppose is a combination of the Test for the Controlled Variable and some medical evaluation to show that in the absence of purposeful behavior there seems to be some ongoing nervous condition. No?

--Bryan

jim dundon wrote:

···

[Jim Dundon 2006.04.03.0200EDST]

"Bill Powers found that behavior is..... neither a caused nor an emitted output. It is a control process."
I have no problem with that when I understand that you mean motor actions by someone resulting in an alteration in conditions in the environment to satisfy a human want or desire. The difficulty I face is in altering all of my previously learned applications of the name behavior. That is why I asked for clarification and although there are very definite statements made by various people there still seems to be some inconsistency in opinion. Some things which I consider behavior, PCT excludes from that classification and I will get into that more below. First:
When I asked if it meant purposeful normal balanced behavior or all behavior including catatonic, I was told all behavior by
Bjorn Simonsen who said "all behavior"
and Martin Taylor who said "all behavior"
and
Rick who said "mainly about what would be called normal behavior..... except where conflict interferes with controlling", "I think it's fair to say all behaviors.", "yes... though some would surely involve failures of control due to internal conflicts"
Bjorn and Martin agree that catatonic behavior is included in the B:CP. Unless Bill Powers or someone who can speak for him tells me that is not what he intended I would say that is the case. I would leave no behavior out. But that does not seem to me to be what Bill Powers is talking about. It seems to me that he is talking more about what Rick describes as behavior where relatively successful controlling or action on the environment is taking place. So there surely seems to be different positions among PCTers as to what is meant. Rick clearly indicates that conflict would mean a failure of control. And since conflict results in paralysis it is clear that Rick does not consider the catatonic behavior as control of perception. To me the catatonic is clearly not engaging his environment at least not the one outside the body, but I consider the behavior purposeful nonetheless. It provides some measure of safety for that individual. It is certainly not what most of us would refer to when we say purposeful behavior. Would you say the catatonic represents zero control or maximum control or controlling for zero control? I admit that I am begging these questions in order to see just how well thought out the application of the terming is.
You said also Rick, that you have a friend who counsels and that his experience tells him that people come to him hoping to get control back. This is a further indication that when you use the word control you are talking about satisfying purposeful behavior in the way that most of us use that word. So this would mean that you do not see the catatonic as controlling. Would it not be safe to assume that people seek help in changing reference signals as a way to improve the way they see life?
So far I have absolutely no problem in calling actions which alter the environment "controlling for perception" I like "controlling for" better than "control of" because it sounds a little more active. The catatonic, I would say if I would venture a guess, is controlling for zero perception.
Martin, you said:
"B:CSP would not be reasonable because it puts the emphasis on the someness of the perceptions" To me it would represent emphasis on the need for accurate and efficient communication of all the concept addresses. At least in a "PCT for Dummies" handbook. I could later graduate to more sophisticated terming.
Somewhere along the way I became accustomed to believing, accepted the naming, the phonetic parsings, of certain things about my body/mind as behaviors. I have no problem calling them behaviors. Even though they don't seem to fit the exclusive employment of the word behavior in PCT which I think refers only to motor action on the environment.
My ability to imagine> to reason> to think> to have opinions> to feel> to attitude, I consider potential behaviors.

I also consider certain 'facts of my body's needs' as the behavior of this particular organism and organisms of its type. The fact that it needs air, water, food, a certain temperature range, light, interaction, change, and the fact that it will die, as behavior. I'm speaking not only of my participation in the use of these things thru action but the fact that the needs and the fact that I will die exist as behaviors characteristic of the class of organism to which I belong. This is very important. The needs. as facts, not just their satisfaction, are behavior. The needing of air is a characteristic behavior of humans. It is dictated by my evolutionary history. This does not make me an automaton. I am very much a product of my environment. Considering these facts as behaviors and accepting them as products of my evolutionary history, enables me to love myself, It helps me to like myself, to liken myself and to know, through words, what I can do. It gives me more control. It is probable, in the history of these namings, that they were produced with love, before I ever heard them; some of them were here waiting for me. They were a gift I did not control for. This would be the Allism of behavior to me. When I act, I must consider it all that matters, but it doesn't mean that upon reflection I cannot see all these other things as behaviors.
When I think as I do between sentences here in this post, I utilize the English language and all of those phonetic formings are being silently formed but not vocalized. The muscles in my jaw and face which normally form those phonetic utterances when I vocalize are also being utilized to some degree when I think. If I prevented that from happening I would be Zenning. To me this is behavior. I'm not sure what PCT considers it. Perhaps it considers the minute pressures and sensations in my face as behavior. I very much consider it behavior even though I'm not acting on my environment. I think born and Martin would agree with me I'm not sure about Bill Powers or Rick Marken
Yesterday I turned a corner while driving and entered a street I had not been on in several weeks. As I did so, I was filled, for only a second or two, with a sensation that I'm not sure I have a word for. It was a surge of pleasure. The street was lined with white blossoms. It lasted only a second or two. It was not "oh look at the blossoms". There was no recognition of trees, or street with trees, It was not sought, it was not controlled for, it had not been anticipated, but it sure did feel good. For that second and a half I did not know who I was or what I was. My cares were displaced completely. I could not maintain it. It lasted only long enough for me to discern it. If I could've gone around the block and repeated the experience I would've done so but I knew that would not work. Had I controlled for that perception and gone around the block I would've been disappointed. I can only hope that it happens again, but even a conscious hope probably precludes it doing so. To me, that experience was a behavior of me as an organism. It is a behavior of this organism, the human body. Other human bodies have experienced a similar thing. I have no problem calling that behavior. In fact I like calling it our/my kind of behavior, it makes me feel good. I want to capture it, hold onto it, talk about it, label it as having happened for me, having it happen for us. It happened in, to, with, by, of and for my nervous system, i see it as a behavior of this organism, unless I reserve the name behavior for a perception achieved by using motor muscular action using a reference signal etc.. Bill has spoken many times of his belief in closed loop negative feedback phenomenon as appearing throughout an organism at many levels including the molecular and chemical so why could this not be viewed as behavior in the PCT sense, as something controlled for at some level in my body? What does PCT call it?
I like reading about PCT and increasing my understanding of it. I enjoy the stimulating, rewarding effect of the promise of more control. When I read of how much more I can be autonomous than automaton my ears perk up. But I am reminded when I read some passages from Bill's book that get into the details of neural currents and redundant fibers and continuous average summation effects that we are looking at things which have been dictated by our evolutionary history, and I realize how subordinated we are to this fact, and I wonder just who is having the last word, a scientist or nature? .
   
I like the idea of being autonomous but I I'm not sure it's possible and somehow I don't think that's the major issue. Actions as controllings in the service of a perception, dictated by my evolutionary history, it really turns me on for now. Maybe I'll do better later.
I thank you all for your patience,
Jim D

[From Rick Marken (2006.04.03.1100PDT)

Jim Dundon (2006.04.03.0200EDST) --

Rick, you said;

"Bill Powers found that behavior is..... neither a caused nor an
emitted output. It is a control process."

I have no problem with that when I understand that you mean motor actions

I don't. I mean all intentional behavior, including imagination and memory.

The difficulty I face is in altering all of my previously learned applications
of the name behavior.

That's the difficulty everyone faces. I suggest that you try not to worry about your previously learned definitions of behavior and just 1) learn about behavior from a control theory perspective 2) learn control theory and 3) learn how to apply control theory to behavior. I strongly suggest that you read _Behavior: The Control of Perception 2E_ for information about PCT. If you read B:CP 2E I think you'll see that everything you consider to be behavior -- imagination, emotion, memory, psychopathology, consciousness, etc -- is handled by PCT.

Rick clearly indicates that conflict would mean a failure of control. And since conflict
results in paralysis

Not necessarily paralysis.

it is clear that Rick does not consider the catatonic behavior as
control of perception.

Whether or not catatonic behavior is a failure of control or successful control (it could be different things in different cases) the important thing is that such behavior can (at least in principle) be explained by PCT.

Would you say the catatonic represents zero control or maximum control or
controlling for zero control?

It depends on the individual case. You'd have to do some testing for controlled variables to see what's going on in each individual case. Clinicians classify pathologies in terms of superficial behavior. PCT shows that you can't tell what people are doing by simply looking at what they are doing; you have to test for controlled variables. You would only know what a controlled variable _is_ if you knew how to see behavior in terms of PCT.

I admit that I am begging these questions

No. You are _asking_ questions, which is just fine. Begging questions occurs when the premise of your argument assume the conclusion -- a logical no no.

Would it not be safe to assume that people seek help in changing reference signals
as a way to improve the way they see life?

I would say that people seek help (without knowing this is what they want help for) regarding _how_ they change reference signals. The best book on PCT and therapy is The Method of Levels" by Tim Carey. You should definitely put that on your PCT reading list.

I very much consider it [a subjective experience] behavior even though I'm not
acting on my environment. I think born and Martin would agree with me I'm
not sure about Bill Powers or Rick Marken

It's something people do (or experience) so it's certainly something that PCT is interested in understanding. I don't mind calling it behavior.

Bill has spoken many times of his belief in closed loop negative feedback
phenomenon as appearing throughout an organism at many levels
including the molecular and chemical so why could this [ecstatic experience] not
be viewed as behavior in the PCT sense, as something controlled for at some
level in my body? What does PCT call it?

It's probably not a controlled result since you can't regularly produce it. But it's a real and important experience so it's a phenomenon that PCT should explain. I suggest looking at the chapter on Emotion in B:CP 2E.

Best

Rick

Richard S. Marken, PhD
Psychology
Loyola Marymount University
Office: 310 338-1768
Cell: 310 729 - 1400

[From Rick Marken (2006.04.03.1735 PDT)]

Dick Robertson (2006.04.03.1745.CDT)

Well, I see I could have saved myself a job if I'd read Martin's succinct and well phrased reply first.

Best,

Dick R

Martin's was great. But yours was, too. Well worth the effort!!

Best

Rick

···

---
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