Perceptions

from [ Marc Abrams (2003.11.25.2133)]

[From Bill Powers (2003.11.24.2114 MST)]

Marc Abrams (2003.11.24.2200) --

>It seems in PCT, a perception is an afferent signal to one of our sensory
>receptors. Nothing more, nothing less.

Afferent signals come from sensory receptors; they don't go to them. And
perceptual signals, while some of them do come from sensory receptors,
are considerably more than sensory signals. Most of them are functions of
multiple signals of lower levels, and not necessarily of the first
level.You're madly flunking your PCT exam here, Marc -- what's going on?

Sorry, I made a simple mistatement and meant to say that in PCT a perception
is an afferent signal(s) that is carried from the receptors to the CNS (not
neccesarily the brain). As far as your take on perceptions; I might be
failing PCT but I'm passing physiology.

If you're going to quote me, please guote accurately.The whole sentence

was

Sorry, no intent to misquote. A transcribing error on my part.

"A 'perception' means a neural current in a single fiber or bundle of
redundant fibers which has a magnitude that is related to the magnitudes

of

some set of primary sensory-nerve stimulations."

The phrase "related to" means that it is some function of these input
stimulations. "Set of" means more than one.

How do you think information about the environment gets into the brain?

ESP?

Not by your hierarchy. Getting to the brain is one issue. Having it actually
mean something when it gets there is another.

Your notion of perceptual constructions from receptors to a hierarchy with
increasing levels of sensory analysis is a popoular but poor concept and
leads to misperceptions. This kind of thinking has led to such things as the
"grandmother cell". A cell whose firing denotes the recognition of one's
grandmother. The fundamental problem with these concepts, and the line of
thinking that produced them, is easily exposed.

If the operation of each neuron represents knowledge of only a very specific
component of reality, to whom does this information get communicated in the
rest of the brain? That is, how could those neurons make themselves
understood by other cells not "in the know".

Would grandma disappear from our cognitive world if that set of cells were
to die?

A strong physiological argument opposing this idea also exsists. A sobering
fact is the truly galactic number of possible representations that the brain
could make clearly exceeds the number of available neurons.

This kind of thinking started in the 1950's with the initial seminal work
oof Wilder Penfield and Herbert Jasper. The pioneered mapping the functional
aspects of the brain with their work with epilepsey patients. Subsequently
others inappropriately extended their findings beyond there original
well-defined limit.

Of course these problems provide no problem for PCT or the hierarchy.

Who is failing what here?

Flunk.

What?

I hope
others reading what you say about PCT know enough to recognize the
distortions. whether due to ignorance, carelessless, or malice.

Maybe not Bill, why don't you point the 'distortions' out. I want to learn
where I am not being accurate. If all you can come up with is a simple
transcribing error that did not change the intent or meaning of what was
said or my mistatement about afferent signals, I afraid I don't know what
your talking about.

Malice??? you should be ashamed of yourself. You know I hold you and your
theory in the highest regard. I also hold Plato in high regard to, and I
don't believe everything he said either. You really shouldn't take
everything so personally. I can tell you from experience that it's a killer.

This has gone far past anything I want to participate in.

Yes, I can see where I caused some major disturbances, but those are things
_you_ have to deal with. I have been forthright and honest in my attempts to
'learn' how regulation/control manifests itself in human behavior. I believe
PCT was and is a bold innovative attempt at answering those questions. But
like Plato, Aristotle, Newton and Einstein. Your theory will not go
unaltered. I may not be the one to provide any impetus for change, but you
can bet you boots change will come.

Marc

Lots of hand waving and shouting. _NOTHING ELSE_ As they said in the old
Wendy's hamburger commercials; "Where is the beef?" Where is the substance
to your claims and accusations?

Outside of the fact you don't particularly like what I have to say.

Exactly what am I 'misrepresenting'? What kind of distortions have I made?

from [Marc Abrams (2003.11.25.1307)]

[From Bill Powers (2003.11.25.0539 MST)]

You have Delphi 6, don't you? I now have the multiple-control-system demo
running with 500 control systems, each one controlling a perception made

up

of 500 weighted sums of a common set of 500 environmental variables. Also,
I have started experimenting with reorganizing the input weights (250,000
of each) to minimize the global error (sum of squares of all error
signals).Next will be to allow a choice between reorganizing globally

Yeah Bill, I can see how my 'distortions', 'half-truths' and 'malice' have
had no effect on you.

Why the sudden urge to model perception?

You are a piece of work. Have fun, and happy hunting.

Marc

[From Bruce gregory (2003.11.25.1342)]

[Marc Abrams (2003.11.25.1307)

Yeah Bill, I can see how my 'distortions', 'half-truths' and 'malice'
have
had no effect on you.

Why the sudden urge to model perception?

I'm not sure what Bill is modeling, but it doesn't look much like
perception to me.

Bruce Gregory

from [Marc Abrams (2003.11.25.1405)]

[From Bruce gregory (2003.11.25.1342)]

I'm not sure what Bill is modeling, but it doesn't look much like
perception to me.

I agree Bruce but I don't want to ruin anyone's good time. I truly hope Bill
finds whatever it is he's looking for.

One of things I can't quite understand is that I don't agree with my mom on
most things yet we still have a great deal of respect and love for one
another. Why am I being demonized for disagreeing with Bill about certain
aspects of the PCT model?

How about 'modeling' that Bill?

Marc

[From Rick marken (2003.11.25.1150)]

Jim Beardsley (2003.11.25.0930 EST -0500)

I've been weighing when to dive into the Excel models too, leveraging (& perhaps at least expanding) its UI convenience like Rick. Custom classes have some potential in Excel-VB too (is that what you've been using Rick, or anyone?), but memory & performance would remain premiums.

I use both the Excel functions (in cells) and Excel VB.. I think it would be fairly easy to write Bill's perceptual learning algorithm in VB; it might be possible to get it to run fast enough.

Best

Rick

···

--
Richard S. Marken, Ph.D.
Senior Behavioral Scientist
The RAND Corporation
PO Box 2138
1700 Main Street
Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138
Tel: 310-393-0411 x7971
Fax: 310-451-7018
E-mail: rmarken@rand.org

[From Jim Beardsley (2003.11.25.1500 EST -0500)]

[Rick marken (2003.11.25.1150)]

I use both the Excel functions (in cells) and Excel VB.. I think it
would be fairly easy to write Bill's perceptual learning algorithm in
VB; it might be possible to get it to run fast enough.

I presume your models will be involved enough to keep me busy for a little while, so I remain chagrined that I've yet to plunge further into anything -practical-, but with beginner directions I'm confident (enough) that I'll quickly learn the mathematical patterns (and beginner theory) as I explore my own ways to (try to) understand, reinterpret, and apply them (for -whatever- its ultimate humanitarian utility, beyond -anyone's- delusions of foretelling).

I'll be most curious (if I, or anyone, ever has been, or ever will be, -constructively- able to progress to) how various stated models will behave, and how they can be systematically expanded, evolved, or even 'replaced', through (modest if not multi-threaded) object-oriented, event-driven models of individual 'signal systems' and their components. ..INcluding (one day??) various theories about the role of physics, memory, chemistry, genetics, and biology, and even the potential convergence with (or unlikely opposition by??) any of too many other neural models.

Exciting, to say the least (except for ramblings, such as -mine-!)

out,
:-jim

···

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From [Marc Abrams (2004.12.24.1325)]

There is a HUGE mistaken belief on CSGnet that perceptions are generated by our sensory receptors. They are NOT. ALL perceptions are generated by the brain from signals gotten by our sensory receptors.

Neural signals travel up to the various sensory cortexes where they are then converted into perceptions.

The PCT hierarchy may represent what happens after the perceptions leave the various cortexes, but it certainly doesn’t represent what happens before.

Marc

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From [ Marc Abrams (2003.10.18.2055)

[From Rick Marken (2003.10.18.1040)]

Bruce Gregory (2003.11.18.0614)

Indeed. As far as we are concerned, the world consists of experiences
(perceptions) and the stories we tell about those experiences.

The stories are perceptions, too, right? So all you really need to say is
that
“the world consists of perceptions”.

Rick, I think this statement is not quite accurate. If you summed all known
perceptions, from every living thing you knew in the universe you would
still not have a ‘complete’ picture of ‘reality’. The ‘world’ consists of
processes, from which perceptions are drawn. Perceptions involve a
combination of our imagination/memory, emotion and our 5 senses. Not only do
people ‘see’ different aspects of the ‘same’ processes but as Bill pointed
out in an earlier post ‘reality’ is constantly changing. An old saying,
“You never step in the same river twice” is right on the money. There is a
huge difference between sensory inputs and ‘perceptions’, I find that
distinction sometimes kind of fuzzy on CSGnet.

Both perceptions and sensory inputs can be, and are controlled. Perceptions are cognitive entities, sensory input signals are not, by themselves, cognitive entities. Sensory inputs may ultimately become perceptions but that is not required nor necessary for control. There are many bodily functions that are controlled that we are not cognitively aware of. Blood Pressure, Body temperature, and insulin production are a few examples of ‘sensed’ & non-cognitive inputs.

It seems to me that all of you folks are talking about the same thing; Perceptions, period. That is, cognitively constructed, context sensitive ‘pictures’ of the environment. Each of us ‘occupies’ our own time and space. Our perceptions may not be the same (actually they can’t be). As long as we do not ask others to be to precise, we can generally have some common agreement on things. I don’t think I could ever ‘know’ whether my ‘understanding’ of happiness is the ‘same’ as anyone else’s and one of the reasons that this is ok is because for 99% of the time it doesn’t really matter if our understandings of ‘happiness’ are ‘shared’.

It’s nice to be back :slight_smile:

Marc

Marc

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From [ Marc Abrams (2003.11.21.1706)]

This is a duplicate post. I am not sure if the original went through.

[From Rick Marken (2003.11.21.1400)]

Marc Abrams(2003.11.21.1544)–

…why do different people have different ‘tastes’ in food, music, etc.

Different reference signals.

If reference signals come from the hierarchy how do ‘error’ signals ‘define’
such things?

Are you actually saying that you and I ‘perceive’ the same tastes and sounds
and it’s only because of different reference signals that we have such
diverse ‘tastes’ in things?

Marc

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Message
David Goldstein (2003.11.21.2022)

[ Marc Abrams (2003.11.21.1706)]

Hi Marc,

If I have a taste for Beatles music when I drive, which is true, I will select Beatle CDs to put into the CD player.

This involves selecting certain CDs and not putting other CDs in the CD player.

If by accident, I play a non-Beatle CD, I will press another number until I hear a Beatle CD.

If I play a particular Beatle song, and I want to hear a different one, I will press the + button to advance to the next track.

Doesn’t this sound like reference signals at work?

Nice to see you back.

David

David M. Goldstein, Ph.D.

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···

-----Original Message-----
From: Control Systems Group Network (CSGnet) [mailto:CSGNET@listserv.uiuc.edu] On Behalf Of Marc Abrams
Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 5:33 PM
To:
CSGNET@listserv.uiuc.edu
Subject: Re: Perceptions

From [ Marc Abrams (2003.11.21.1706)]

This is a duplicate post. I am not sure if the original went through.

[From Rick Marken (2003.11.21.1400)]

Marc Abrams(2003.11.21.1544)–

…why do different people have different ‘tastes’ in food, music, etc.

Different reference signals.

If reference signals come from the hierarchy how do ‘error’ signals ‘define’
such things?

Are you actually saying that you and I ‘perceive’ the same tastes and sounds
and it’s only because of different reference signals that we have such
diverse ‘tastes’ in things?

Marc